Bash cheatsheet

Sure! Here’s a comprehensive Bash cheatsheet covering essential commands and features:

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Bash Cheatsheet

Basic Commands

• pwd – Print Working Directory
• ls – List directory contents
• ls -l – Long format
• ls -a – Include hidden files
• ls -lh – Human-readable sizes
• cd – Change Directory
• cd .. – Move up one directory
• cd ~ – Go to home directory
• echo – Display a line of text
• echo "Hello, World!"

File Operations

• touch filename – Create an empty file
• cat filename – View file content
• cp source destination – Copy file
• mv source destination – Move/Rename file
• rm filename – Remove file
• rm -r directory – Remove directory and its contents
• mkdir directory – Create a directory
• rmdir directory – Remove an empty directory

Viewing and Editing Files

• cat filename – Display file content
• less filename – View file content page by page
• more filename – View file content page by page
• head filename – View the first few lines of a file
• head -n 5 filename – View the first 5 lines
• tail filename – View the last few lines of a file
• tail -n 5 filename – View the last 5 lines
• nano filename – Edit file using Nano editor
• vim filename – Edit file using Vim editor

File Permissions

• chmod permissions filename – Change file permissions
• chmod 755 filename – Set read, write, execute for owner; read, execute for group and others
• chown user:group filename – Change file owner and group

Searching

• grep 'pattern' filename – Search for a pattern in a file
• grep -r 'pattern' directory – Recursively search in a directory
• grep -i 'pattern' filename – Case-insensitive search
• grep -n 'pattern' filename – Show line numbers with matches
• find /path -name filename – Find files by name
• find /path -type d -name dirname – Find directories by name
• find /path -mtime -1 – Find files modified in the last day

Process Management

• ps – Display current processes
• ps aux – Detailed view of all processes
• top – Real-time process monitoring
• kill PID – Terminate process with given PID
• kill -9 PID – Force terminate process

Networking

• ping hostname – Test network connectivity
• ifconfig – Display network configuration
• wget URL – Download files from the internet
• curl URL – Transfer data from/to a server

Disk Usage

• df – Display disk space usage
• df -h – Human-readable format
• du – Estimate file space usage
• du -sh directory – Summary of directory size

Package Management (Debian/Ubuntu)

• sudo apt-get update – Update package lists
• sudo apt-get upgrade – Upgrade installed packages
• sudo apt-get install package – Install a package
• sudo apt-get remove package – Remove a package

Scripting Basics

• Create a script file:

  #!/bin/bash
  echo "Hello, World!"

• Make the script executable:

  chmod +x script.sh

• Run the script:

  ./script.sh

Environment Variables

• export VAR=value – Set an environment variable
• echo $VAR – Access an environment variable
• env – Display all environment variables

Miscellaneous

• alias name='command' – Create an alias
• alias ll='ls -lah'
• history – Show command history
• !! – Repeat last command
• !n – Run nth command from history
• clear – Clear the terminal screen

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This should cover most of the common Bash commands and operations you might need. Feel free to ask if you need more detailed information on any specific command or topic!